Posts (page 2)
2006.09.24 中國時報
開卷周報---行動社會的行動革命
羅世宏(中正大學電訊傳播所副教授)
30億眼睛在行動 The Mobile Revolution: The Making of mobile services worldwide
作者:丹.史坦巴克(Dan Steinbock)
譯者:曾淯菁
出版:商智文化公司
定價:450元 類別:科技
今年是個人電腦誕生屆滿25周年。四分之一世紀過去了,與當前人手一機的行動電話或掌上電腦等個人隨身傳播工具相比,個人電腦不便於隨身攜帶的行動限制,實在一點都不夠「個人化」。
今天,人們像是生活在「網路上身」的個人化通信傳播的時代。隨著各種固定和移動網路的建置,加上普及的手持、隨身通信傳播設備,在固定與無 線寬頻網路發展較先進的國家,一如這本書的英文書名所指出的,正見證一場「行動革命」(the mobile revolution)。
以後見之明論事,任何人都不會否認,個人電腦帶來了革命性的影響。同樣地,如果輕忽這場「行動革命」的影響,或許就是缺乏先見之明了。
本書作者任職美國哥倫比亞大學通信資訊研究中心,身兼芬蘭赫爾辛基經濟學院的客座教授。他走遍歐、亞、美三大洲,訪問80位行動通信產業、 媒體、娛樂及行動創新服務的業界要角與專家,引領讀者進入複雜的、公司與服務名稱常充滿英文縮寫字母的通信傳播世界。對其中複雜的科技與服務創新,成功的 獲利模式,以及若干失敗的案例,作者在本書中提供了深具洞察力的見解,有助於吾人更正確的評估這場「行動革命」的影響。
雖然具備行動上網能力的第三代行動通信(3G)成長不如預期,但若將成本效益更大、應用日廣的定點無線寬頻(Wi-fi)及具行動能力的無 線寬頻(Wi-Max)納入考察,「行動革命」引爆的社會意義,堪當一門「行動社會學」(mobile sociology)來嚴肅對待。
毫無疑問,數位匯流科技的日益成熟,已促使電信與媒體產業跨業競合,逐漸發展出必須結合媒體、商業、娛樂和電信的服務模式。比較成功的個案 包括日本NTT DoCoMo的i-mode服務、韓國SKT提供的行動多媒體服務,以及歐洲的Vodafone Live!,還有美國正急起直追的Verizon Wireless的行動內容服務。
寬頻上網、影像電話、資訊、遊戲、電視、電影、行銷、社群及企業服務,所有已存在或想像得到的多媒體內容服務都將行動化。據估計,2010年將有多達30億人用「眼睛」(多過於用「耳朵」)使用行動服務,本書中譯書名相當貼切傳神:《30億眼睛在行動》。
電信與媒體匯流成形,原本由美國資訊科技、亞太消費性電子及歐洲行動通訊大廠三分天下的資訊傳播科技,已在行動網路的多媒體及寬頻手機上整 合。但是,這場「行動革命」費時多久才會完成,是否真能讓消費者行動的眼睛駐留片刻,是否真能滿足多元社會的公民需求,仍是一連串還沒有答案的問題。
最近,有一宗比利時法院判決裁定,Google news未經事前同意蒐集發佈比利時報紙新聞的作法,侵害了報紙著作權。原本Google不打算按照法院要求發佈該判決,儘管這樣將面對每天$640,900的罰款。結果,Google還是決定暫不與官鬥,退縮了。不過,Google 仍將上訴,預計在十一月開庭。
眾所周知,Google習慣是列示世界各地報紙的新聞/文章標題和新聞/文章內容中的幾個句子,並將其連結回報紙的新聞網站,讀者在原新聞網站方得以閱讀全文。
如不滿意,任何報紙都有權要求Google移除它的內容,但報紙聲稱Google在一開始複製其新聞的部分內容時即已涉及侵害版權。
好比偷人東西,就算失主要求時即將贓物歸還,還是構成偷竊是一樣的道理。但事態這樣發展很不妙,我個人認為最好不要有後續擴散效應,否則將版權無限上綱,網際網路的公共價值將因此大幅縮水。
從來堅持不支付一毛錢給內容提供者的Google這次踢到鐵板,或許不是事出無因。然而,今年八月,Google被踢爆付費給美聯社,已獲得後者提供的新聞和照片。
大小眼對待不同的新聞媒體,難怪比利時的法文報紙有此一強力反擊。今後,Google何去何從,付錢或不付錢呢?
相關資料:
Google relents, publishes Belgian court ruling
Google publishes Belgian court ruling on website
美國電視新聞未經揭露資訊進行某種置入性行銷,在媒改運動施壓與研究追查之下,FCC被迫正式對此調查與處理。FCC已放話,這77家涉嫌犯規的電視台,六十天內要給合理交代,若調查屬實,可能罰款或撤照。FCC加油!
是哪些電視台呢?請看完整名單。
相關連結:
TV Stations' 'Fake News' Scrutinized
The study, entitled "Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed," was compiled by the Center for Media and Democracy, a Madison, Wis.-based nonprofit organization that monitors the public relations industry.
The Federal Communications Commission has mailed letters to the owners of 77 television stations inquiring about their use of video news releases, a type of programming critics refer to as "fake news." Video news releases are packaged news stories that usually employ actors to portray reporters who are paid by commercial or government groups. The letters were sparked by allegations that television stations have been airing the videos as part of their news programs without telling viewers who paid for them. FCC Commissioner Jonathan Adelstein said Tuesday the letters ask station managers for information regarding agreements between the stations and the creators of the news releases. The FCC also asked whether there was any "consideration" given to the stations in return for airing the material. "You can't tell any more the difference between what's propaganda and what's news," Adelstein said. The probe was sparked by a study of newsroom use of material provided by public relations firms.
The study, entitled "Fake TV News:
Widespread and Undisclosed," was compiled by the Center for Media and Democracy,
a Madison, Wis.-based nonprofit organization that monitors the public relations
industry. When stations air video news releases, they are required to disclose
to viewers "the nature, source and sponsorship of the material that they are
viewing," according to the FCC. The rules were prompted by payola scandals of
the past, in which broadcasters accepted money from companies to hype their
products without labeling the effort as advertising. Diane Farsetta, senior
researcher with the Center for Media and Democracy and co-author of the study,
said that did not appear to be the case in the study but that "the main reason
is economy. These are free stories that are given to stations that are
continually under-resourced." Farsetta said despite the publicity, stations are
continuing to air releases without disclosure. Stations that received the
letters have been given 60 days to respond. If
the FCC decides they have violated the rules, punishment could include fines or
license revocation. ©MMVI, The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/08/16/national/main1900602.shtml
心裡有股「是時候了」的感覺。
這學期開了一門新課,網路研究(Internet Research),期許自己多花時間觀察、瞭解、使用與思考網路。
授課大綱斟酌了很久,不敢給太多閱讀材料,以免師生之間閱讀消化不良,或是沒有充分討論,或是沒有充裕時間聽聽學生的想法。
這些問題大概是回國最初幾年開課時常常會犯的毛病。
這次我沒有指定中文資料,並不是說中文資料不重要,而是我認為學生應該比我更熟悉這些中文資料,也有能力找到資料並判斷資料的有用性。
一門課一學期能讀的資料與能討論的課題都很有限,我把它當做自我鞭策與向學生學習的機會。
網路研究 2006授課大綱
Internet Research
3學分 選修
授課教師:羅世宏
上課方式
以課前閱讀、課上導讀、問答及討論方式進行。
導讀與課堂討論
導讀摘要:每位同學每週皆應合意協力,參與分工。
課堂討論:每位同學皆須參與。
考評方式
導讀/討論(40%)
期中報告(20%)
期末報告(40%)
無期中、期末考。
(期中報告)專業網評網介:自選任一與網路有關的研究主題(例如,網路倫理、網路隱私、網路控管、網路文化、網路拍賣、網路課稅、網路遊戲、網路電話、網路電視、網路民主、網路中立性Net Neutrality立法爭議…etc.),針對可得之網路資源/線上資料/文件予以連結、介紹及評論,並發表在《中正電訊時報》。http://blog.yam.com/ccu_telecom/
(期末報告) 5,000字或10頁以內的小論文一篇(請繳交電子檔,並公開發表於《中正電訊時報》。考評重點為研究創意,而非論文完整性。需遵守學術格式要求)。
指定用書:
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. , Press. [有免費的pdf檔案可以自行下載]
Castells, M. (2001). The Internet galaxy : reflections on the Internet, business, and society. ; , Press.
Johns, M. D., Chen, S.-L., & Hall, G. J. (2004). Online social research: methods, issues & ethics. : P. Lang.
推薦期刊
Canadian Journal of Communication, Volume 30, Number 4, "Life on Line".
現期架號 (排-架-格): 2B -13 -1
Internet Research
New Media and Society
推薦網站
The Pew Internet and American Life Project has sociological data on internet use
Berkman Center for Internet & Society
課程進度
⊙第1週 課程介紹.
⊙第2週 Mapping the Internet/ Get a feel of New Media
*Economist, Sept 01 2006, special report: “Who killed the newspaper?”.
*Economist, April 20 2006, Survey: NEW MEDIA.
⊙第3週 Why Study the Internet?
*Castells, M. (2001). The Internet galaxy : reflections on the Internet, business, and society. ; : Press. Chapters 1 & 2.
*Newhagen, J. E., & Rafaeli, S. (1996). Why communication researchers should study the Internet: a dialogue. Journal of communication, 46(1), 4-13.
*Walther, J. B., Gay, G., & Hancock, J. T. (2005). How Do Communication and Technology Researchers Study the Internet? Journal of communication, 55(3), 632-657.
⊙第4週 Methods of Online Social Research
*Johns, M. D., Chen, S.-L., & Hall, G. J. (2004). Online social research: methods, issues & ethics. : P. Lang. (pp.15-97)
*Tomasello, Tami K. (2001). The status of internet-based research in five leading communication journals, 1994-1999. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78 (4), 659-674.
*Evans, J. R., & Mathur, A. (2005). The value of online surveys. Internet Research, 15(2), 195-219.
⊙第5週 Issues of Online Social Research
*Johns, M. D., Chen, S.-L., & Hall, G. J. (2004). Online social research: methods, issues & ethics. : P. Lang. (pp.101-175)
⊙第6週 Ethics of Online Social Research
*Johns, M. D., Chen, S.-L., & Hall, G. J. (2004). Online social research: methods, issues & ethics. : P. Lang. (pp.179-263)
⊙第7週 Blogging & Bloggers, Wiki , GVO, Podcast
(邀請部落客到課堂交換想法,也請同學分享自己的blogging經驗和觀察,邀請中文GVO運動者到課堂分享想法,大家來交流Wiki,製作Podcast,的經驗 etc)
*讀讀文字資料 A history of weblogs by Rebecca Blood
*看看視訊資料 Josh Kinberg on video blogging
*聽聽MP3: A history of podcasting from Adam Green
⊙第8週 Internet Regulation/Governance
*Benjamin, S. M., Lichtman, D., & Shelanski, H. A. (2001). Telecommunications law and policy. , : Academic Press. Chapter 12: “The Internet and its Regulation”.
*瀏覽Internet Governance Project網站資料,並且討論。
網路法律部分,加這一篇,整理得很完整,而且又是中文資料。:[PDF] 網際網路服務提供者法律責任與相關法制之研究
⊙第9週
Castells, M. (2001). The Internet galaxy : reflections on the Internet, business, and society. ; : Press. Chapters 3-6.
⊙第10週
Castells, M. (2001). The Internet galaxy : reflections on the Internet, business, and society. ; : Press. Chapters 7-9.
⊙第11週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 1-2.
⊙第12週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 3-4.
⊙第13週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 5-6.
⊙第14週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 7-8.
⊙第15週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 9-10.
⊙第16週
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks. : Press. Chaptes 11-12.